Ericksonian Hypnotherapy

Milton H. Erickson was an American psychiatrist who practiced from the late 1920s to the 1970s. He pioneered an approach to hypnosis that diverged from the traditional methods – a subtle, permissive, and very effective form of hypnotherapy.

Classical vs. Ericksonian Hypnosis

Ericksonian hypnosis is different from the (usually) more authoritarian and directive approaches of classical hypnosis. Erickson's technique emphasizes permissiveness, creativity, and the unique qualities of each individual's subjective experience.

Unlike classical hypnosis, which usually relies on direct suggestions, Ericksonian hypnosis leverages indirect suggestions, metaphors, and storytelling to access the unconscious mind. Erickson believed that individuals have the resources to address challenges and make positive changes, and his approach was designed to activate and amplify those internal resources.

Principles of Ericksonian Hypnosis

Ericksonian hypnosis operates on several key principles.

1. Utilization: The cornerstone of Ericksonian Hypnosis is the concept of utilization. Instead of attempting to control or resist a client's natural responses, the hypnotist respects and works with them, utilizing their unique characteristics, language patterns, and experiences to guide the hypnotic process. This collaborative approach fosters a sense of trust, rapport and engagement.
2. Indirect Suggestions: Unlike direct suggestions used in classical hypnosis, Ericksonian suggestions are often embedded in stories, metaphors, or casual conversation. This indirect approach allows the unconscious to process and integrate suggestions more naturally. It also helps to avoid resistance.
3. Pacing and Leading: Ericksonian Hypnosis involves pacing the client's current experience and then gradually leading them towards the desired outcome. Pacing and leading helps to ensure that the hypnotic suggestions align with the client's current thoughts and experiences, making them more receptive to positive change.

Techniques of Ericksonian Hypnosis

Ericksonian Hypnosis employs a variety of techniques designed to engage the unconscious mind in a permissive and creative manner.

1. Metaphors and Analogies: Erickson was known for his use of metaphors and analogies. By telling stories that indirectly relate to the client's situation, he'd convey therapeutic messages in ways that deeply resonated with the individual's unconscious mind.
2. Utilization of Resistance: Instead of confronting resistance directly, Erickson embraced it as a valuable source of information. He'd use the resistance to guide the therapeutic process, uncovering underlying issues and facilitating resolution.
3. Double Binds: Erickson often employed double binds – statements or suggestions that present multiple options, all of which lead to the client's desired outcome. This technique provides clients with a sense of choice and control while subtly directing them towards positive change.
4. Embedded Commands: Embedded commands are subtle linguistic patterns where certain words or phrases are emphasized within a sentence. While the conscious mind may not fully register these commands, the unconscious is more receptive, allowing for the integration of therapeutic suggestions.

Applications of Ericksonian Hypnosis

Ericksonian Hypnosis is a versatile and effective tool used in psychotherapy, counseling, coaching and personal development.

1. Psychotherapeutic Interventions: Ericksonian hypnosis is sometimes used in psychotherapy to address a range of psychological issues, including anxiety, depression, trauma, and phobias. The permissive nature of this approach creates a non-threatening space for clients to explore and transform their inner experiences.
2. Behavioral Change: Ericksonian techniques are valuable for facilitating behavioral change. It can be can be useful for breaking habits, overcoming addiction and adopting healthier lifestyles.
3. Enhancing Creativity and Problem-Solving: The creative nature of Ericksonian hypnosis can be used to enhance creativity and problem-solving abilities. By tapping into the client's internal resources and shifting perspectives, the hypnotist can guide individuals towards their own innovative solutions and insights.

Dispelling Myths About Ericksonian Hypnosis

Despite its effectiveness, Ericksonian Hypnosis is not immune to misconceptions. Dispelling these myths is crucial for understanding and appreciating the authentic potential of this therapeutic approach.

1. Loss of Control: Some may fear that Ericksonian Hypnosis leads to a loss of control. On the contrary, the permissive nature of this technique ensures that individuals retain control over their thoughts and actions, fostering a collaborative and empowering therapeutic relationship.
2. Ineffectiveness: Skeptics may question the effectiveness of indirect suggestions and metaphors. However, numerous studies and clinical experiences attest to the positive outcomes achieved through Ericksonian Hypnosis, making it a respected and evidence-based approach.
3. Limited Applicability: Another myth suggests that Ericksonian Hypnosis is only suitable for specific issues. In reality, its versatility allows for its application across a broad spectrum of psychological and behavioral challenges.

Academic Research into Ericksonian Hypnosis

1. “An Ericksonian approach to clinical hypnosis” by Stephen Lankton. This paper discusses the methods and techniques of intervention and change in Ericksonian hypnosis.
2. “The Efficiency of Ericksonian Hypnosis in Diminishing Stress and Procrastination in Patients With Generalized Anxiety Disorder” published in European Psychiatry. This study found that interventions with Ericksonian hypnosis reduce stress and procrastination in patients with generalized anxiety disorder.
3. "The use of Ericksonian hypnosis in somatic disorders". This study evaluated the efficiency of a psychotherapy program based on Ericksonian hypnosis techniques in reducing pain and symptoms in psychosomatic disorders.